Supreme Court to hear arguments against century-old spanking law

The right to spank goes on trial Friday at the Supreme Court of Canada, in a constitutional challenge to federal law that allows parents and teachers to use physical force to discipline children.

"Hitting people breaks fundamental rights of respect for human dignity and physical integrity," say lawyers Paul Schabas and Cheryl Milne in their written critique of the law. "Children are people too."

Schabas and Milne are representing the Canadian Foundation for Children, Youth and the Law, which wants the court to strike down the so-called spanking law that has been on the books for more than a century.

They say it violates the Charter of Rights by infringing children's security of person, discriminating against them and subjecting them to cruel and unusual punishment.

At issue is Section 43 of the Criminal Code, first passed in 1892 and amended several times since. It provides that parents, teachers and other caregivers cannot be prosecuted for assault for using "reasonable" force to discipline children.

The federal Justice Department, which defends the law, says the government doesn't advocate spanking, but it does believe parents need some leeway in raising their children free of state interference.

"The criminal law is a blunt instrument in the family context," says federal lawyer Roslyn Levine in her written brief to the court.

"Striking Section 43 would result in unnecessary intervention likely to cause more harm than benefit to the long-term interests of the child."

Levine contends the courts have developed legal guidelines that make it clear a parent can claim legal exemption only for "mild to moderate" discipline, not for action that crosses the line into child abuse.

The spanking law has been a bone of contention for decades, with lower-court judges wrestling repeatedly with where to draw the line. But this is the first time the Supreme Court has been asked to rule on its constitutionality.

The case did not arise out of any specific incident. The foundation, an advocacy group for children's rights, simply went to court to ask for a decision on the validity of the law.

It failed to find judicial favour in two previous tries.

Ontario Superior Court upheld the legislation three years ago, and the Ontario Court of Appeal unanimously confirmed that judgment last year, finding there was no violation of the Charter of Rights.

The foundation has nevertheless won support from the Ontario Association of Children's Aid Societies, which has joined in arguing the law should be struck down.

Backing the Justice Department are the Coalition for Family Autonomy, a collection of conservative lobby groups, and the Canadian Teachers Federation.

The teachers federation says it doesn't favour spanking, but it does fear that if the law is overturned teachers could face prosecution just for physically restraining a troublesome student.

6 June 2003

http://www.mytelus.com/news/article.do?pageID=canada_home&articleID=1341551

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