PanAfrica: do not forget the children

Since 1989, HIV/AIDS has become a major threat to the survival (health and nutrition), development (education), protection (probation and social welfare) and participation of children in what affects them. The UN convention defines a child as "every human being below the age of eighteen years unless under the law applicable to the child, majority is attained earlier," (Article 1).

It is very possible to completely forget children when we talk about HIV/AIDS. Even the very attitudes that individuals, families and communities have, often hint to this very point, that the needs and the welfare of children in the light of HIV/AIDS may become secondary.

The UN Convention considers children complete human beings with full human rights. The Convention sets out these rights in 54 articles and two optional protocols. It spells out the basic human rights of children all over the world and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) out of this points out a summary of: "the Right to survival; to develop to the fullest; to protection from harmful influences, abuse and exploitation; and to participate fully in family, cultural and social life." UNICEF goes on to talk about the four core principles of the UN Convention as non-discrimination, devotion to the best interests of the child, the right to life, survival and development and respect for the views of the child.

Children should be considered in the totality of the structures and support systems that take care and provide for them. Children are the most vulnerable members of the community, especially children living with HIV/AIDS in the midst of poverty. The helplessness of the children makes the need to keep them in the top agenda very pertinent! Newspapers are full of disturbing stories of children raped for one reason or another. Recently in the electronic and print media in this region, a story was reported of a young teenage girl who was raped, got pregnant and HIV-infected. Her story is heart-rending! There are many other shocking stories that include those of fathers raping their daughters and neighbours enticing young girls and sexually abusing them. The Daily Nation of July 5, 2006, for example, had two shocking stories, one about sex slavery becoming big business in Garissa in the North-Eastern part of Kenya and the other being a story of a father who allegedly sexually abus ed her 10 year-old daughter to the point where she eventually died due to serious genital injuries.

If individuals, families, communities and governments do not protect children and look out for them, the impact of HIV/AIDS on children will be worse than it is currently. Our children shall face both physical and psychological trauma. Today, there are literally millions of children in sub-Saharan Africa who need psychosocial support and care. These children are mainly orphans or live with ailing parents or abusive relatives. The trauma of losing their parents begins way before they have lost one or both parents. They usually face stigma, discrimination and sometimes destitution during this period and are left with many unanswered questions. Some children actually blame themselves for the death of their parents, while others go into deep denial, hoping against hope that their parents would come back. A few have been heard crying out that their parents hated them and therefore left them! We should not forget children and as parties to the UN Convention, let us consider the following:

  • Children's survival through provision of proper health and nutrition support including antiretroviral drugs for those living with HIV/AIDS
  • Children's development through catering for their education and skills building to ensure that they will ultimately be able to support themselves when they become adults or even where children are forced to play adult roles such as that of taking care of their siblings.
  • Children's protection from abuse, being disinherited (e.g. when their property is grabbed by relatives or neighbours), early marriage, sexual exploitation, harmful traditional/cultural practices, forced labour and many other practices that are harmful to children.
  • Children's participation: ensuring that they are listened to, that their voice is appreciated and that they are part of what affects them.
  • The child's interest should come first!

Please, as we deal with HIV/AIDS, LET US NOT FORGET THE CHILDREN!

Opinion column
25 July 2006

 

 
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